|
Introduction :-
1.
Export Oriented Unit (EOU) scheme was introduced in early
1981, as complementary to the EPZ scheme. It offers similar
incentives and policy regime but offers a wider option in
location depending upon factors like source of raw material,
ports of exports, hinterland facilities, availability of
technological skills and labour
existence of an industrial base and the need for a larger area
of land for the project.
2.
EOUs approved to be
set up by the Development Commissioner concerned are entitled
for following facilities/incentives as contained in the Exim
Policy :-
a) a) Duty free import or procurement from indigenous sources
all the goods required for manufacture and export activity
including capital goods , raw materials, consumable/components,
office equipments, DG set and POL products etc.;
b) Reimbursement of Central Sales Tax(CST) paid on domestic
purchases;
c) DTA sale in terms of para 6.8 of Exim
Policy;
d) Sub-contracting part production in DTA/Abroad.
e) Supplies to EPZ/EOUs are
considered as deemed exports.
f) Exemption for C.E.Duty on
procurement of Capital goods, raw materials, consumables, spares
etc. from the domestic market.
g) Exemption from customs duty on import of capital goods, raw
materials, consumables spares etc.
h) Exemption from sales tax on procurement of CG, RM etc.
i)
Reimbursement of duty paid on furnace oil, procured from
domestic oil companies to EOUs
as per the rate of drawback notifies by the Director General of
Foreign Trade.
j)
100% Foreign Direct Investment permissible.
k) Sale against Exchange earnings foreign currency
(EEFC) Account
l) Facility to retain 100% foreign exchange
proceeds in EEFC Account.
m) Export proceeds will be realized within 12 months.
n) CENVAT credit on service tax paid.
3. Foreign Trade during FY 2003-04 and FY
2004-05 is as follows :
(Rs.
In Million)
|
|
FY 2003-04
|
FY 2004-05(prov.)
|
|
Exports
|
11676.00
|
11269.65
|
|
Imports
|
4286.30
|
3457.28
|
4. As
on 01.4.2005, there were 278 valid approved EOUs
out of which 101 units were in production and 136 units were
under implementation. Prominent functional sectors are Yarn
& Textiles, Food & Agro products ,
Electronic Software etc. Majority of the functional units are
located in West Bengal , Jharkhand
and Orissa.
|
Sl.
No.
|
Name of the State
|
No. of unit in
operation
|
|
1.
|
West Bengal
|
85
|
|
2.
|
Jharkhand
|
07
|
|
3.
|
Orissa
|
06
|
|
4.
|
Bihar
|
01
|
|
5.
|
Assam
|
02
|
5.
Exports from EOUs have shown
mixed trend. The figures of last five years export performance
in the table given below clearly indicates a moderate growth
except for the year 2001-2002. this was due to sharp decrease in
export of Charge chrome from Rs.
1841.612 million in fy-2000-01 to Rs.
756.432 million in fy-2001-02
Sectoral
Growth of Exports during last five years ( Rs.
In million)
|
Sl.
No.
|
SECTOR
|
2000-01
|
2001-02
|
2002-03
|
2003-04
|
2004-05(prov.)
|
|
1.
|
Textile
|
2497.234
|
2098.409
|
2271.18
|
2395.64
|
1279.62
|
|
2.
|
Hardware
|
151.002
|
325.724
|
392.33
|
133.42
|
212.12
|
|
3.
|
Software
|
296.331
|
636.069
|
1327.86
|
483.12
|
26.32
|
|
4.
|
Engineering
|
823.838
|
465.691
|
574.33
|
496.25
|
582.41
|
|
5.
|
Chemical
|
68.290
|
34.387
|
217.79
|
4797.62
|
6467.60
|
|
6.
|
Food Processing
|
1965.878
|
1281.171
|
1106.95
|
1080.11
|
262.22
|
|
7.
|
Charge Chrome
|
1841.612
|
756.432
|
801.60
|
1305.80
|
1678.19
|
|
8.
|
Granite
|
54.912
|
64.331
|
64.84
|
50.64
|
-
|
|
9.
|
Miscellaneous
|
269.864
|
588.489
|
709.49
|
808.82
|
761.17
|
|
10.
|
Gem & Jewellery
|
|
|
61.81
|
124.58
|
-
|
|
|
TOTAL
|
7968.961
|
6250.100
|
7528.18
|
11676.00
|
11269.65
|
6.
It may be seen that Yarn & Textile, Food & Agro
products and Charge chrome are leading major sectors in EOUs.
The major contribution in export turnover is from the units
located in the states of West Bengal and Orissa.
7. During
the year 2004-2005, 21 new projects were approved under
automatic approval
mechanism.
|
